Science and technology

Charles Darwin

Charles Darwin vs God: did the ‘Origin of Species’ cause a clash between church and science?

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Margaret MacMillan is professor of History at the University of Toronto and an emeritus professor of International History at Oxford University. (Photo by Getty Images)

War and society: a tangled relationship . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Map of the universe, miniature from The Tales of Luqman, Arabic manuscript, 1583. (Photo by Getty Images)

Ingenious medieval science . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Chemist Marie Curie (1867–1934) in her laboratory. She shared a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 with her husband Pierre for their work in radioactivity. (Photo by Hulton-Deutsch Collection/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images)

Marie Curie: the woman who stirred up science . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Dr Edward Jenner, a British physician, performing his first vaccination on James Phipps, a boy of eight, in 1796. (Photo by Getty Images)

The history of vaccination: from Edward Jenner to anti-vaxxers

A near-contemporary depiction of the 14th-century English monk, mathematician and astronomer Richard of Wallingford. Monks were among the leading scientific practitioners during the medieval period. (Photo by Bridgeman)

The genius of medieval science: from medicine to mechanical clocks

Staff hard at work at Bletchley Park. The people who worked here did so under conditions of utmost secrecy, and with little idea of how their work slotted into the grand scheme of things. (Photo by SSPL/Getty Images)

Bletchley Park: Britain’s wartime intelligence factory

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Elaborate dragon carvings decorate the prow of the Oseberg longship, circa 800 AD, The Viking Ship Museum, Oslo, Norway (Photo by Alamy)

Viking genes unravelled . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Huge sun setting over power lines and palm trees in California. (Photo by Getty Images)

California’s century of change . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The bikini was showcased to the world for the first time in July 1946. (Photo by Keystone/Getty Images)

8 historical events that happened in July

Portrait of Sir Isaac Newton

Isaac Newton: life, discoveries, rivalries and the truth about the apple

Eric Monkman, Bobby Seagull at Merton College Field, Oxford - the site of James Sadler's 1784 hot air balloon flight. (BBC/Label1 Television/Ryan McNamara)

Industrial revolution

Explore the Industrial Revolution – “the world’s greatest makeover” – with Monkman & Seagull

Peter Mayhew, Harrison Ford, Alec Guinness and Mark Hamill, on-set of the film Star Wars

Star Wars: why did the film make history?

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Astronauts being lifted from the Apollo 13 spacecraft after splashdown in the South Pacific,1970. (Photo by Alamy)

Apollo 13 . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. (Photo by Getty Images)

Yuri Gagarin: 8 things you (probably) didn’t know about the first man in space