Military history

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Russian men called up to fight attend a ceremony to mark their departure

Russia-Ukraine conflict How the latest developments echo the Second World War . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Pod Giles Whittell WL

WW2’s most daring raid . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Pod Helen Nicholson WL

The Knights Templar: everything you wanted to know . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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A missionary preaches to the Native Americans of Massachusetts, c1650. By now, colonists were imposing their values on the indigenous population, encouraging them to dress like the English – and worship the English God. (Photo by Ian Tyas/Keystone/Getty Images)

Britain's nuclear fears How has the UK prepared for Armageddon? . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Charles V of Spain depicted on a 16th-century gold coin

Kwasi Kwarteng "Wars are bloody expensive – so the only way nations can buy what they need is by printing their own money" . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

The USSR showcases its military might at the 1961 annual May Day parade in Red Square, Moscow. (Photo by Sovfoto/UIG via Getty Images)

Nuclear fall-out: how the USA & USSR became bitter enemies

Why we should remember… the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent

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Victims of the February Revolution are carried through the Field of Mars in Petrograd

Russia's Civil War Why the 1917 uprisings descended into disaster . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Troops engaged in street fighting in the battle of Stalingrad,1942 (Photo from akg-images)

Second World War

The battle of Stalingrad: a German officer’s account of WW2’s bloodiest battle

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President Reagan and General Secretary Gorbachev together

What brought a thaw in the Cold War? . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Mongol and Mamluk cavalry clash in a 14th-century manuscript

How to repel a Mongol invasion: the success of Egypt’s Mamluk empire

Second World War allies Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin (left to right) at the Yalta Conference in February 1945. East and west would soon become bitter rivals, however

The Cold War: 9 key questions

President Truman, seen here in 1948

What was the Truman Doctrine?

Painting of the Battle of Blenheim

The battle of Blenheim: how did the Duke of Marlborough triumph on the Danube?

Pompey flees after the battle of Pharsalus

The battle of Pharsalus: how Julius Caesar defeated Pompey