France

English sailors engage the French invasion fleet at the battle of Sandwich in 1217.

The battle of Sandwich: England’s medieval Trafalgar

A scene from Perceval, one of the Arthurian romances attributed to Chretien De Troyes

Who was Chrétien de Troyes, and why are his Arthurian romances important?

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The feared WW2 German battleship 'Bismarck', May 1941. (Photo by ullstein bild/ullstein bild via Getty Images)

Quiz How well do you know your warships? . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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Cynthia Saltzman reveals how the French leader plundered Europe’s greatest works of art. (Image by Getty Images)

Napoleon the art thief . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Soldiers from the Women's Royal Army Corps

Second World War

A brief guide to VE Day

A portrait of Napoleon

Napoleon: a life in 10 objects

Napoleon is apprehended by French soldiers on his return from Elba. Rather than take him to Paris in chains, the soldiers joined him

Napoleon’s comeback: from exile on Elba to the Hundred Days

An early 19th-century painting of Napoleon Bonaparte

Q&A Where is Napoleon buried?

Napoleon Bonaparte

Napoleon Bonaparte: facts about his life, death and career

The storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789, as depicted by artist Charles Thévenin

Napoleon’s chance: why the French Revolution was Bonaparte’s big break

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Linda Colley explores how written constitutions, together with warfare, forged the modern world. (Image by Getty Images)

How constitutions changed the world . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

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The battle of Waterloo: 10 key questions answered

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Roland Philipps tells the story of Mathilde Carré

Traitor or triple agent? The WW2 spy Mathilde Carré . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.

Aidan Turner as Leonardo da Vinci

Leonardo: the real history behind the new Renaissance drama

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Unravelling the Bayeux Tapestry HistoryExtra podcast series title card

Unravelling the Bayeux Tapestry Episode 5: What now? . This is a premium piece of content available to subscribed users.